Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas cov atoms hauv lub taub qab vuam tshuab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm. Kab lus no tshawb txog ntau hom kev sib txuas ntawm atomic kev koom tes hauv cov tshuab no thiab lawv ua li cas rau cov txheej txheem vuam.
Taw qhia: Lub taub qab vuam tshuab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev koom nrog cov khoom siv hlau los ntawm cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas ntawm atoms. Nkag siab txog ntau yam atomic bonding mechanisms yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov tshuab no ua haujlwm zoo li cas.
- Hlau Bonding:
- Nyob rau hauv lub taub qab vuam tshuab, metallic bonding yog dav, raws li cov hlau yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov vuam.
- Kev sib txuas ntawm hlau yog tshwm sim thaum hlau atoms qhia lawv cov valence electrons, ua "hiav txwv" ntawm delocalized electrons uas ntws dawb do thoob plaws hauv cov qauv hlau.
- Qhov kev sib txuas no ua rau cov khoom siv hlau muaj zog thiab hloov tau yooj yim, tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim cov welds ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.
- Covalent Bonding:
- Hauv qee cov txheej txheem welding, covalent bonding kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm thaum vuam cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau xws li plastics lossis ceramics.
- Covalent bonding cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom ntawm electron khub ntawm cov atoms uas nyob ib sab, tsim cov qauv molecular ruaj khov.
- Nyob rau hauv lub taub qab vuam tshuab, covalent bonding yuav siv tau thaum vuam cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, yuav tsum tau tsim covalent bonds ntawm txawv atoms.
- Ionic Bonding:
- Txawm hais tias tsawg dua hauv cov tshuab vuam pob tw, ionic bonding tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum vuam cov ntaub ntawv nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm electronegativity qhov tseem ceeb.
- Ionic bonding tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov ntawm electrons los ntawm ib lub atom mus rau lwm qhov, ua rau tsim cov cations zoo thiab tsis zoo them anions.
- Hauv qee cov txheej txheem vuam uas muaj cov ceramics lossis cov khoom sib xyaw, kev sib txuas ionic yuav cuam tshuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov kub.
- Van der Waals Forces:
- Butt welding machine kuj tseem tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tsis muaj zog intermolecular rog hu ua van der Waals rog.
- Van der Waals rog tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv ib ntus hauv electron ceev hauv atoms lossis molecules, ua rau muaj zog txaus nyiam nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
- Txawm hais tias cov rog no kuj tsis muaj zog piv rau lwm hom kev sib txuas, lawv tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb rau cov khoom siv hauv qee qhov kev sib txuas.
Hauv cov tshuab vuam taub qab, kev sib txuas ntawm cov atoms yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab muaj zog, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau, covalent, ionic, thiab van der Waals kev sib cuam tshuam, nyob ntawm cov khoom siv welded. Kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem vuam thiab ua kom muaj zog thiab ruaj khov welds. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm atomic bonding, lub taub qab vuam tshuab txuas ntxiv yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha rau kev koom nrog cov khoom siv hlau.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-22-2023
