Mukamaliza kuwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito makina owotcherera a nati, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pambuyo pa kuwotcherera kuti muwonetsetse kuti weld ndi wodalirika komanso amatsatira mfundo zodziwika. Njira zingapo zowunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kukhulupirika ndi kulimba kwa zolumikizira zowotcherera. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa mwachidule njira zingapo zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powunika pambuyo powotcherera powotcherera nut spot.
- Kuyang'anira Zowoneka: Kuyang'anira zowoneka ndi njira yoyambira komanso yoyambira yowunika momwe weld alili. Woyang'anira wodziwa bwino amawunika zolumikizira zowotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito maso kuti azindikire zolakwika zowoneka bwino monga kusakhazikika kwapamtunda, kufanana kwa mikanda ya weld, ndi zizindikiro za kuphatikizika kosakwanira kapena porosity. Njira yoyang'anira yosawononga iyi imapereka mayankho ofunikira pamawonekedwe onse a weld ndipo imatha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zolakwika zomwe zingachitike.
- Njira Zoyesera Zosawononga (NDT): a. Ultrasonic Testing (UT): UT imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amawu othamanga kwambiri kuti ayang'ane ma welds chifukwa cha zolakwika zamkati. Ikhoza kuzindikira zosokoneza, monga ming'alu kapena kusowa kwa kusakanikirana, mkati mwa mgwirizano wa weld popanda kuwononga chigawocho. UT ndiyothandiza makamaka pozindikira zolakwika zobisika muzowotcherera zovuta.
b. Kuyeza kwa Radiographic (RT): RT imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray kapena gamma ray kuti mupeze zithunzi za mkati mwa olowa. Njirayi imalola oyendera kuti azindikire zolakwika zamkati, ma voids, ndi ma inclusions omwe sangawonekere pakuwunika kowonera.
c. Magnetic Particle Testing (MT): MT imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana zida za ferromagnetic. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maginito ndi maginito particles pamwamba pa weld. The particles adzakhala kudziunjikira m'madera ndi zilema, kuwapanga mosavuta detectable.
d. Kuyeza kwa Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT): PT imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti izindikire zolakwika zomwe zimasweka pamwamba pazinthu zopanda porous. Madzi olowera amathiridwa pamwamba pa weld, ndipo cholowera chochulukirapo chimachotsedwa. Cholowa chotsalacho chimawululidwa kudzera mukugwiritsa ntchito wopanga, ndikuwunikira zolakwika zilizonse zapamtunda.
- Kuyesa Kowononga (DT): Nthawi zomwe mtundu wa weld uyenera kuwunikiridwa mwamphamvu, njira zoyesera zowononga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mayeserowa akuphatikizapo kuchotsa gawo la weld joint kuti awone makina ake ndi mphamvu zake. Njira zodziwika bwino za DT ndi izi: a. Kuyesa Kwamphamvu: Kuyeza mphamvu ya weld joint ndi ductility. b. Kuyesa kwa Bend: Kuwunika kukana kwa weld kung'ambika kapena kusweka pansi pa kupsinjika. c. Kuyeza kwa Macroscopic: Kumaphatikizapo kugawa ndi kupukuta weld kuti awone mawonekedwe ake ndi kulowa kwake.
Kuyendera pambuyo kuwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika komanso mtundu wa zolumikizira zowotcherera zomwe zimapangidwa ndi makina owotcherera a nati. Kuphatikizika kwa kuyang'anira kowoneka, njira zoyesera zosawononga, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyesa kowononga kumapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha kukhulupirika kwa weld ndikutsata miyezo yamakampani. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikirazi, akatswiri akuwotcherera amatha kutsimikizira chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito a zigawo zowotcherera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-03-2023
