Kuwotcherera ndodo za aluminiyamu ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamafakitale osiyanasiyana, omwe amadziwika kuti amatha kupanga ma welds amphamvu komanso olimba. Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri pa njirayi ndi kutentha kusanayambe, komwe kumaphatikizapo kukweza kutentha kwa ndodo za aluminiyamu zisanalumikizike pamodzi. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kufunika ndi ubwino wotenthetsera mu makina owotcherera ndodo za aluminiyamu.
1. Kuchepetsa Kupsinjika
Preheating imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochepetsa kupsinjika kotsalira komwe kumatha kuchitika panthawi yowotcherera. Aluminiyamu, monga zitsulo zina zambiri, imakhala ndi chizolowezi chomangika ndikukula pamene imatenthedwa ndi kuzizira. Ndodo za aluminiyamu zikatenthedwa mwachangu ndikuwotchedwa popanda kutentha, kusiyana kwakukulu kumatha kuchitika mkati mwazinthuzo. Kutentha kofulumira kumeneku ndi kuziziritsa kungayambitse kupanga zovuta zamkati, zomwe zingathe kufooketsa weld ndi zinthu zozungulira.
Powotcha ndodo za aluminiyamu, kusiyana kwa kutentha kumeneku kumachepetsedwa. Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kofananako muzinthu zonse. Zotsatira zake, cholumikizira chowotcherera ndi madera ozungulira amakumana ndi kupsinjika kwachepa, zomwe zimatsogolera ku weld wamphamvu komanso wodalirika.
2. Kupewa Mng'alu
Aluminiyamu imatha kusweka panthawi yowotcherera, makamaka pakakhala kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Kutentha kwa preheating kumathandiza kupewa kupangika kwa ming'alu poonetsetsa kuti kutentha kumayendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikugwa. Ming'alu imatha kusokoneza umphumphu wa weld ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zake, ndikupangitsa kuti kutentha kukhale gawo lofunika kwambiri popewa kuwonongeka kwa weld.
3. Kuwotcherera bwino
Makina owotchera ndodo ya aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi magiredi osiyanasiyana komanso makulidwe a ndodo za aluminiyamu. Preheating imatha kupititsa patsogolo kuwotcherera kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyanazi mwa kukhathamiritsa mikhalidwe yowotcherera. Zimapangitsa kuti aluminiyumu ifike pa kutentha komwe imakhala yovomerezeka kwambiri ndi kutentha kwazitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusakanikirana bwino pakati pa ndodo.
4. Kuchepetsa Porosity
Kutentha kungathandizenso kuchepetsa mapangidwe a matumba a mpweya kapena voids mkati mwa weld, wotchedwa porosity. Aluminiyamu ikatenthedwa mwachangu, mipweya iliyonse yotsekeredwa, monga haidrojeni kapena okosijeni, imatha kutuluka m'zinthuzo, ndikupangitsa kuti zowotcherera. Ma voids awa amatha kufooketsa weld ndikusokoneza mtundu wake. Kutentha kotentha kumachepetsa mwayi wa kutsekeka kwa gasi ndipo kumalimbikitsa kuwotcherera kofanana, kolimba.
5. Mphamvu Yowonjezera Yophatikizana
Pamapeto pake, cholinga choyambirira chotenthetsera muzitsulo za aluminiyamu ndodo zowotcherera ndi kupanga zowotcherera zamphamvu kwambiri, zodalirika. Pochepetsa kupsinjika, kupewa ming'alu, kuwongolera kuwotcherera, komanso kuchepetsa porosity, kutentha kumathandizira kuti pakhale ma weld olowa omwe ali ndi zida zapamwamba zamakina. Malumikizidwewa amawonetsa mphamvu zowonjezera, ductility, ndi kukana kulephera, kuwonetsetsa kuti akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Pomaliza, kutenthetsa mu makina owotcherera a aluminium ndodo ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limakhudza kwambiri momwe ma welds amapangidwira komanso magwiridwe antchito. Zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupsinjika, kuletsa ming'alu, kukulitsa weldability, kuchepetsa porosity, ndipo pamapeto pake kumalimbitsa mphamvu yamagulu. Kuphatikizira kutenthedwa munjira yowotcherera ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse zowotcherera zolimba komanso zodalirika za aluminiyamu, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-06-2023
