Inkqubo yokudibanisa ii-athom kumatshini wokuwelda i-butt yinkalo ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwabo. Eli nqaku liphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokudityaniswa kweathom ezibandakanyekayo kwaba matshini kunye nokuba banegalelo njani kwinkqubo ye-welding.
Intshayelelo: Oomatshini bokuwelda iimpundu badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaniseni amacandelo esinyithi ngenkqubo ebandakanya ukudityaniswa kwee-athom. Ukuqonda iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa iathom kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela aba matshini basebenza ngayo ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukudityaniswa kwesinyithi:
- Kumatshini we-butt welding, i-metallic bonding ixhaphakile, njengoko iintsimbi zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo ze-welding.
- Ukudityaniswa kwesinyithi kwenzeka xa iiathom zesinyithi zabelana ngee-electron zabo ze-valence, zenza "ulwandle" lwee-electron ezichithwayo ezihamba ngokukhululekileyo kwisakhiwo sesinyithi.
- Oku kudityaniswa kukhokelela kwimathiriyeli yesinyithi eyomeleleyo kwaye ebhetyebhetye, ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni iiwelds ezomeleleyo nezithembekileyo.
- I-Covalent Bonding:
- Kwiinkqubo ezithile ze-welding, i-covalent bonding isenokudlala indima xa i-welding engeyiyo eyentsimbi njengeeplastiki okanye iiseramikhi.
- I-Covalent bonding ibandakanya ukwabelana ngezibini ze-electron phakathi kwee-athom ezikufutshane, ukudala izakhiwo ezizinzileyo ze-molecular.
- Kumatshini wokuwelda i-butt, i-covalent bonding inokusetyenziswa xa kuthungelwa imathiriyeli eyahlukileyo, efuna ukwenziwa kweebhondi ezidibeneyo phakathi kwe-athom ezahlukeneyo.
- I-Ionic Bonding:
- Nangona ingaxhaphakanga kangako koomatshini bokuwelda i-butt, i-ionic bonding inokwenzeka xa izinto zokuwelda zinexabiso elahluke kakhulu le-electronegativity.
- Ukubambisana kwe-Ionic kubangelwa ukuhanjiswa kwee-electron ukusuka kwi-athomu enye ukuya kwenye, okukhokelela ekubunjweni kwee-cations ezihlawulwe kakuhle kunye nee-anions ezihlawuliswa kakubi.
- Kwiinkqubo ezithile ze-welding ezibandakanya i-ceramics okanye i-composites, i-ionic bonding inokufaneleka, ngakumbi kwizicelo zokushisa okuphezulu.
- Van der Waals Forces:
- Oomatshini bokuwelda ngeempundu banokubandakanya amandla abuthathaka phakathi kweemolekyuli ezaziwa njengemikhosi ye-van der Waals.
- Imikhosi kaVan der Waals ivela ngenxa yokutshintsha kwexeshana kwi-electron density ngaphakathi kwe-athom okanye iimolekyuli, okukhokelela kumandla anomtsalane okwethutyana phakathi kwabo.
- Ngelixa ezi mandla zibuthathaka xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zokubopha, zisenokuthi zibe negalelo ekubambeni ngezinto eziphathekayo kwiimeko ezithile ze-welding.
Kumatshini wokuwelda iimpundu, ukudityaniswa kwee-athom yinkqubo entsonkothileyo neguqukayo, ebandakanya indibaniselwano yesinyithi, i-covalent, i-ionic, kunye ne-van der Waals, ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela zokudibanisa kubalulekile ekuphuculeni inkqubo ye-welding kunye nokuqinisekisa i-welds eyomeleleyo kwaye ehlala ixesha elide. Ngokusebenzisa iipropati ezizodwa ze-atomic bonding, oomatshini be-welding ye-butt baqhubeka bezizixhobo eziyimfuneko kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo nezithembekileyo zokujoyina amacandelo esinyithi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-22-2023
