Uvavanyo olonakalisayo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvavanyeni intembeko kunye namandla eendawo zokuwelda eziveliswe ngoomatshini bokuwelda bamabala aphakathi. Ngokubeka iisampulu ze-weld kwiimvavanyo ezilawulwayo, abavelisi banokuhlola umgangatho we-weld, bachonge ubuthathaka obunokubakho, kwaye baqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino. Eli nqaku libonelela ngamagqabantshintshi eendlela zovavanyo olutshabalalisayo ezidla ngokusetyenziswa koomatshini bokuwelda bamaza ombane aphakathi.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Tensile: Uvavanyo lwe-tensile yindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yovavanyo elonakalisayo elinganisa ukomelela kunye ne-ductility ye-welds yendawo. Kolu vavanyo, isampuli ye-weld iphantsi kwamandla okutsalwa kwe-axial kude kube kukungaphumeleli. Amandla asetyenziswayo kunye nesiphumo soguquko luyarekhodwa, luvumela iinjineli ukuba zimisele iiparamitha ezinje ngokuqina kokuqina, amandla esivuno, kunye nobude. Uvavanyo lwe-tensile lubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo kwiipropathi zoomatshini kunye nokukwazi ukuthwala umthwalo we-spot welds.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Shear: Uvavanyo lwe-Shear luvavanya ukuxhathisa kwe-welds yendawo kwimikhosi esetyenziswa ngokuhambelana nenqwelomoya ye-weld. Kolu vavanyo, isampulu ye-weld iphantsi komthwalo onqamlezileyo de kuvele ukwaphuka. Ubuninzi bomthwalo obugcinwe yi-weld bubonisa amandla ayo okucheba. Uvavanyo lokucheba lunceda ukuvavanya ukuxhathisa kwe-weld ekungaphumelelini kobuso, okubalulekileyo kwizicelo apho imithwalo yokucheba iphambili.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Bend: Uvavanyo lwe-Bend luvavanya i-weld's ductility kunye nomgangatho wokudibanisa phakathi kwezinto ezidibeneyo. Kolu vavanyo, isampulu ye-weld igotywe kwi-engile ethile ukuze ibangele i-deformation ecaleni kwe-axis ye-weld. Isampuli ihlolwe iziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukungabikho kokudibanisa, okanye ukungena okungaphelelanga. Uvavanyo lokugoba lubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokukwazi kwe-weld ukumelana nemithwalo egoba kunye nokuchasana kwayo nokwaphuka kwe-brittle.
- Uviwo lwe-Macroscopic: Uviwo lwe-Macroscopic lubandakanya ukujonga ngokubonakalayo i-cross-section ye-spot weld ukuvavanya isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi kunye nobukho beziphene. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa iimpawu zokudityaniswa okungafanelekanga, i-voids, iintanda, okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpazamo. Inika ukuqonda kwinqanaba elikhulu lokuthembeka kwe-weld kwaye inokukhokela uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo okanye uvavanyo.
Iindlela zovavanyo ezonakalisayo, ezinje ngovavanyo lwe-tensile, uvavanyo lokucheba, uvavanyo lokugoba, kunye novavanyo olukhulu, zibalulekile ekuvavanyeni umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwee-welds zamabala eziveliswe ngoomatshini bokuwelda bamabala aphakathi. Ezi mvavanyo zibonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo kwiipropati zoomatshini, amandla okuthwala umthwalo, imfezeko yobuso, kunye nesandi sesakhiwo. Ngokuqhuba uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo olucokisekileyo, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba i-welds yendawo iyayifezekisa imigangatho efunekayo, ukwandisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso, kunye nokugcina ukuzithemba kwabathengi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-23-2023
